Abstract Background: Cardiovascular structural/functional changes caused by COVID-19 may be related to the presence of heart failure (HF), especially in children and adolescents, as the SARS-CoV-2 virus invades cardiomyocytes, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Objective: To assess the mechanism by which COVID-19 becomes a risk factor for the development of HF in children and adolescents. Methods: This was a systematic literature review of articles indexed in PubMed, BVS and SciELO, following the PRISMA recommendations. DeCS/MeSH descriptors were used in the search. […]