Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive clinical syndrome caused by a structural or functional cardiac abnormality, whose symptoms include dyspnea and fatigue and are accompanied by physical signs such as peripheral edema, pulmonary rales, and jugular venous distension. The natural history of HF often involves rapid worsening of symptoms and signs, leading to severe manifestations at rest, characterizing acute decompensated HF (AHF), usually requiring hospitalization for its control. AHF is responsible for a large part of the […]

Abstract Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the most common condition of heart failure (HF) in patients over 65 years of age and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological data on this condition are still scarce in Brazil and these data are relevant for a better understanding of the impact and unmet needs in HFpEF and for the planning of actions to improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. The objective of the study was […]

In recent decades, the advancement of knowledge of cardiovascular diseases has been remarkable. Heart failure (HF) has a prominent role among the conditions of greatest epidemiological relevance for the population, given its high prevalence and incidence worldwide, including Brazil.– Thus, mastery of this condition is key to cardiologist training. However, the understanding of the complexity of the different diseases and pathophysiological mechanisms potentially involved in the development, progression, and prognosis of HF has advanced, and a broad and intricate spectrum […]