ABC Heart Fail Cardiomyop 2023; 3(1): e20230021

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure

Antonio José Lagoeiro Jorge , Marcio Roberto Moraes de Carvalho

DOI: 10.36660/abchf.20230021

Introduction

The global prevalence of diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has been on a concerning upward trend over the years. The most recent estimates published in the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas account for more than 450 million adults with diabetes worldwide, with 693 million persons estimated to have T2DM by the year 2045. This diabetes pandemic will impose a significant burden on society, both in terms of substantial costs to the healthcare system and poor health outcomes for T2DM patients.

The Framingham Heart Study demonstrated the epidemiological linkage between diabetes and increased risk of heart failure (HF). It is well established that diabetes not only increases the risk of HF, but also increases its incidence by approximately 2.5-fold regardless of age or other comorbidities. Diabetic patients now represent up to one-third of participants in HF clinical trials, with diabetes being an independent predictor of poor outcome ^, and a leading driver of the worldwide HF epidemic.

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