ABC Heart Fail Cardiomyop 2022; 2(3): 290-295

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring in the Diagnosis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Dirceu Rodrigues Almeida , Fernanda Almeida Andrade

DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220059

Introduction

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex clinical syndrome that has a negative impact on quality of life and life expectancy of patients, with high hospitalization and mortality rates. HFpEF is a highly prevalent disease, probably due to the increase in the prevalence of common risk factors, such as advanced age, female sex, arterial hypertension, diabetes, renal failure and obesity.^, It is estimated that nearly half of heart failure patients have preserved ejection fraction, defined as a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%. Despite the publication of numerous original articles, reviews, books and guidelines, there are still doubts and controversies regarding the real incidence, etiopathogenesis, pathophysiology, prognosis, and mainly the difficulties in the correct diagnosis of HFpEF by non-invasive methods. In this paper, we will describe the importance of the invasive hemodynamic monitoring (IHM) for the correct diagnosis of HFpEF.^–

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